盘点托福写作中5个常见的易错扣分词汇篇1
记住你的举例一定要死死扣住你的GRE作文观点，不要是和观点打擦边球的。
例子一定要从论点出发，再回到论点。不要将你的论点发散，后果很可能就是越写越跑题。所以每次写好一篇文章，都看看，论据里的 key words 是不是和论点里的 key words 一样，论点里的 key words 又是不是和题目里的key words一样。你的 key words 可以比大题里的 key words 更加narrow，但是千万不要更加广泛。
GRE写作高分范文：批判性思维
GRE写作范文：
Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead focus on maximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.
I must say that I reject this statement. While it is true that we need to support society as much as possible with current technology, that does not in any way mean that we should stop progressing simply because our current technology cannot handle all the problems we have brought to it. Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so. To do so would be tantamount to adopting a fatalistic approach; I think most people would reject that.
Technology has helped, and it has hurt. Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.
Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life
without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?
What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.
Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hosptal, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to
第二段：
(概述科技的两面性)Technology has helped, and it has hurt. (具体讨论科技的贡献)Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. (具体讨论科技的危害)But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. (表明已考虑到科技的危害，但是依然坚持自己立场)And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.
第三段：
(提出反方的立场)Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. (通过具体论据反驳反方的观点)But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?
第四段：
(在第三段驳论的基础上进一步立论)What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.
第五段：
Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. (指出支持观点存在的一点不足)But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. (解决方案)We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hospital, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to “focus on maximizing the use of existing technology” instead of foolishly reaching for the stars, we would not have made those discoveries which now are the bedrock of the 21st century.
gre满分作文重点：Critical Thinking.当然，提高critical thinking能力的同时，也很有必要包装语言。
GRE写作：短期内怎样提高
Argument句型
开头
In this analysis, the arguer claims that …should …To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer cites the example of …where …In addition, the arguer assumes that …This argument is unconvincing for several critical flaws.
正文：
For instance …since …what’s more …etc.
and how well it represented the public opinions..
The sample of the survey is not representative.
(样本太小)
the sample is too small to...
(光数字没比例)
the ratio of four to six
there is only figures but no proportion of the survey 还是ratio?
Insufficient Sample
If the [respondents] only stand for a tiny proportion of the whole [group], we should not be so sure about the conclusion that [the whole group…]
The arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization.
It was only carried out in Sun City, but the arguer applies its result to all the company’s markets while doesn’t show us whether Sun City is a representative market of the whole markets.
有的病人会对抗生素过敏
the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if the maintenance of the airline has been improved as a result of sending its mechanics to the Seminar, which is, of course, an unwarranted assumption, it does not follow that就算怎样，也不怎样
The survey is based on two isolated examples. The arguer should survey more hospitals of both types.
循环假设
The arguer commits a fallacy of begging the question in assuming that …
结尾：
other possible causes of the …
To conclude, this argument is not persuasive as it stands.
GRE
盘点托福写作中5个常见的易错扣分词汇篇2
托福写作5大常见易错语法
1. 托福写作中的数量描述
托福写作中无论是综合写作还是独立写作都常会有用到描述数量的情况，而这其中用来模糊表述一些人/很多人的词大家可能第一时间就会想到lots of或者a lot of。然而这两个词其实是不太适合用在书面表达中的，可以说是更为偏向于日常用语或者说口语化的词汇。有的同学因此联想到了amounts of以及an amount of，然而这两个词却是许多同学更容易用错的词汇。因为这两个词是用来修饰不可数名词的，比如water这样的词或是happiness/pain之类较为抽象的词汇。至于人或是物品建筑等可数名词则不能使用amount词汇来修饰，这也是大家常会犯的一个低级错误。对于可数名词，考生使用的修饰词一般为a number of或者numbers of。这几个词汇的用法细节大家一定要搞清楚。
2. between和among的区别
说到这两个词，高中英语有好好听的同学可能都会说出两者之间存在的区别在于前者用于两者之间，后面一般是接着两个人或者事的，而among则超过2个人后面要跟3个以上的人或事物。这个说法对高中阶段的同学来说可能比较方便理解和记忆，但其实也并不完全正确。between强调的是两者之间相互的关系，但如果并非两者也可以使用，距离来说，the difference between threee countries也是完全可以的，3个国家两两之间各有不同，放在一起用between并没有任何问题。而among其实强调的并非对立关系，而是群体之间的共同感，比如the opinion among the students。这两个词的区别还是比较复杂的，大家在托福写作中还请多加留意。
3. 举例用like还是such as?
这个问题很多考生也常会纠结，不知道应该使用哪一个。其实如果只是为了举例，两者之间是完全可以互换的，因为在举例的用法上两者是一样的，都是前面给出一个大范围，后面给出具体细节。比如countries like China and Russia，就可以直接替换成countries such as China and Russia，这在语法上没有问题。当然，such还可以适当提前，比如such countries as China and Russia，这也是比较常见的灵活用法。总之，为了避免用词重复，这两个词汇大家可以考虑互为替换词。
4. people和persons的互换问题
描述人或者人数时，考生比较容易搞混的一个地方在于people和persons的互换。这两个字其实在用法上是有一定区别的，虽然都是指人，但很多时候并不能互换使用。这不仅是语法问题，更涉及到native speaker的用词习惯，如果考生随意混用会给人很不地道的感觉，比如encourage many people，改成encourage many persons就很不合适，可以说是非常糟糕的表达。另外如果涉及到具体数字，可能按照大家的习惯会觉得persons比people更好，但这也是初高中英语的遗留问题，现在的西方人早就习惯了直接在people前面加数字的做法，无论是three persons还是three people都是可以的。当然如果不是具体人数，而是many之类模糊的数字，那么用people还是比persons要更好的。
5. 托福写作中的第二人称you
关于托福写作中是否要使用第二人称you一直都是一个比较有争议的问题。单纯从语法角度来说使用you只要没有语法错误都是可行的。但按照一般的英语写作习惯，托福写作还是比较偏向于书面化学术化的作文要求的，而这类文章一般都会尽量避免使用第二人称you，这样才能让文章更显正式，也会给人一种比较客观的感受。据小编所知，许多美国教授对中国考生的写作能力比较质疑的一点就是写的论文里大量使用第二人称，大家也需要尽早把这个习惯改正过来，不妨就从托福写作开始也好。而第一人称和第三人称相对更容易被接受一些，大家可以在写作时放心使用。
托福写作素材：讨论的好处
Benefits of a discussion
Students react to content, share challenges, teach each other, learn by stating and understanding, clarify assumptions, experiment, own new skills and ideas.
Distance education greatly extends classroom learning
Individualization of learning: Personal responses to forum topics are not limited in time or the length. Students have the freedom to continue dialogues about the topics that interested them most.
Encouragement of critical thinking: Effective forum topics are open-endedand designed to encourage students to take a position on issues. To respond to a forum topic requires organized thought and synthesis of concepts introduced in class. If a student"s views were challenged, he or she typically adds carefully considered reasons to back up previous comments.
Student autonomy: Students have the flexibility to reflect on their thoughts and read the responses of others. Many students have stated that they routinely discussed the forum topics with friends, family and colleagues outside of class before putting their comments online.
Increased interaction time: A 45-hour semester places severe limits on the quality of discussions and experiences possible in a course. Often a course is the only one of its type required in a program. The instructor isthus under extreme pressure to provide extensive and meaningful learning. In a three-hour class meeting of an average class size, an equal division of time allots only 5 minutes of discussion per student. Regular forum discussion adds hours of interaction over a semester.
More democratic exchange: In any class of 25-30 students, there will bedominant personalities, and students who may feel intimidated or unmotivated to speak. Therefore discussions, even in small groups, do not allow equal time to all students. In the online forum, each student has a voice that will be heard by anyone who chooses to read his or her comments.
More time to formulate responses and opinions: Because the forum discussions occur completely online, students have the flexibility to add their input when they are prepared. Some choose to answer questions immediately, while others prefer to consider the responses of others first. Undergraduate students are often much more comfortable discussing topics online after reading the viewpoints of the more experienced students. Students are encouraged to revisit past topics during the course, as their opinions changed.
Flexibility and convenience: Students set their own schedule for the forum. A forum is available at all times of day or night to accommodate school, work, and family demands. The forum is accessible from any Internet connection via the World Wide Web, allowing students to participate even when they were sick or traveling.
Students learn about the content from another perspective.
Students experience a professional communication process. Participantsexperience personal and academic gains as result of their communication with their peers. A goal is for the students to value such professional interchange, and seek it out among their colleagues, and for electronic communication to facilitate the process.
Students find a content/expertise resource. Some professions tend to be somewhat isolated. The forum introduces to others who could serve as resources during the course, and into employment.
托福写作素材摘抄:
Students react to content, share challenges, teach each other, learn by stating and understanding, clarify assumptions, experiment, own new skills and ideas.
学生会对内容做出反应, 分享挑战,彼此教导,通过表述和理解学习,澄清假设, 做实验,并且掌握新技能和想法。
extends classroom learning: 延伸课堂学习
Individualization of learning:个性化的学习
have the freedom to continue dialogues about the topics that interested them most. 可以自由对他们最感兴趣的主题继续对话。
Encouragement of critical thinking: 鼓励批判性思维
open-ended: 开放式的
designed to encourage students to take a position on issues
旨在鼓励学生问题上采取立场
requires organized thought and synthesis of concepts introduced in class:需要组织思考和合成的概念引入类
carefully considered reasons to back up previous comments: 仔细考虑原因来支持先前的评论
have the flexibility to reflect on their thoughts and read the responses of others: 可以灵活地反思自己的想法和看别人的反应
thus under extreme pressure to provide extensive and meaningful learning: 因此在极端的压力下提供广泛的和有意义的学习
dominant personalities: 占主导地位的性格
may feel intimidated or unmotivated to speak: 可能会感到害怕或没有说话的动机
do not allow equal time to all students: 不给学生同样的时间
each student has a voice that will be heard by anyone who chooses to read his or her comments:
每个学生的声音都将被选择读他的评论的人停到
have the flexibility to add their input : 灵活地加入他们的想法
the viewpoints of the more experienced students: 的观点更有经验的学生
set their own schedule: 设定自己的时间表
accommodate school, work, and family demands: 适应学校、工作和家庭的需求
is accessible from any Internet connection via the World Wide Web: 可以从任何网络连接接入万维网
experience personal and academic gains:更有经验的学生的观点
communication with their peers: 与同龄人沟通
value such professional interchange: 很看重这样的专业交流
seek it out among their colleagues: 找出来他们的同事
use electronic communication to facilitate the process： 通过电子通信来促进这个过程
tend to be somewhat isolated:往往是一些孤立的
serve as resources during the course: 在课堂中作为资源
托福写作适用题目：
Some believe that teachers (for students from age 14-18) should focus on lecturing and asking students to take notes during lectures. Others believe that teachers should get students involved in discussion and encourage them to exchange ideas in class. Which way of teaching do you think is more effective for students’ learning?
托福写作范文：应该接受家人还是政府的帮助
A/D: People can solve important problems in their daily life on their own or with the help from families; The help from the government is not necessary.
题目解析
题目大意：人们可以自己或通过家人的帮助来解决生活中的重大问题，所以政府的帮助是没有必要的。波波建议此题目选择不同意，即认为政府的帮助还是很有必要的，思考分论点的方向使用拆分，对题目中的抽象名词 important problems 拆分具体化为环境问题和教育问题，然后分别展开。
托福独立写作题目：
Some teachers are just lecturing(speaking) on the class and students only take notes; some other teachers make their class time on discussion and projection and students sharing their ideas with their classmates. Which one do you prefer?
托福独立写作题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems in daily life on their own or with the help from families, so the help from government is not necessary.
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作范文参考一:
2016年11月13日托福独立写作范文：
In a society that changes as amazingly as ours, the role played by government in our daily life has been brought under the spotlight of mass media. Consequently, the general public and sociologists are wondering whether people can solve important problems individually or with the governmental support. Towards such a long running tug-of-war, I am inclined to claim that the help from government is necessary in the process of resolving important problems, especially in the aspects of protecting environment and addressing the disparity of educational resources.
In the first instance, consider the environmental issues. As is common sense, the deteriorating natural environment is so severe and complicated that the solution of such a problem is far beyond the reach of any individuals or families. The serious air pollution in China is a good case in point. Despite the fact that people can take some actions such as wearing masks or taking the public transportation to relieve the haze occurring frequently in the major cities of China in some degree, the problem cannot be radically solved. To illustrate, the major cause responsible for the smoggy weather is nothing but the emission of waste gas such as dust and smog from an appalling number of heavy-pollution factories. In this case, it is the government that can get rid of the fundamental cause by shutting down these plants and enacting laws or regulations to restrict their production, which can’t be achieved by any individuals.
In the second instance, the same logic goes to the educational problems. As is known to all, many school-age children in rural and remote areas are not able to receive education in school due to the lack of educational resources. According to a survey conducted by the Education Ministry in China in 2015, approximately 3 million kids in the Southwest of China didn’t have the chance to get educated on account of lacking in tables, textbooks and even spacious classrooms. When confronted with the issue mentioned above, what individuals or families can do is quite limited. Undoubtedly, only the government has the adequate financial resources and power to allocate educational resources to those places. For example, the government of China builds nearly 10,000 primary schools called Hope School in the distant places, which alleviates the disparity in educational resources between different regions to a large extent.
Judging from what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that although the ability of individual or families is becoming stronger and greater than before, the help from government is of great necessity in the course of solving significant problems, especially those in the areas of education and environment.
盘点托福写作中5个常见的易错扣分词汇篇3
盘点托福写作中5个常见的易错扣分词汇 避免重复用词很重要
托福写作评分标准如何要求词汇水平?
托福写作评分中较高评分的要求中对用词有相当明确的评判标准，也就是appropriate word choice/range of vocabulary，即合理的用词选择以及展现词汇量。而许多中国考生的写作被扣分，正是因为用词过于单调重复和口语化。特别是一些常用词汇，只要在写作中出现频率太高就很容易造成扣分，下面小编列举5个最常见的容易过度使用而导致扣分的词汇：
1. Really
Example：The swimmer really performed admirably.
“Really”表示“真的”，有强调的作用。但很多时候“really”并没有告诉读者或听者任何重要、有用的信息，缺乏说服力。如果你想要表达一个事实，不妨尝试去掉“really”，反倒更让信服。比如：The swimmer performed admirably.
2. Things/ Stuff
Example: “The article said a lot of things and stuff.”
Things和Stuff这两个词汇十分模糊，作者自己可以清楚地了解Things和Stuff代表的含义，但读者显然不能。Things和Stuff到底指什么?为什么会有Things和Stuff?我如何获得这些Things和Stuff?这都是读者会产生的问题。所以与其图一时省事，不如清晰地描述出你的想法，这样你的写出的句子才会有力量。例如：The article discussed the principles of interactive design.
3. I believe/I feel/I think
Example: “I believe the author has a great point here…”
很多人认为在观点前加上“I believe/I feel/I think”可以表明立场，避免逻辑漏洞，也更容易让人接受自己的想法。但如果对方本身对你的认可度不高，你的“I believe/I feel/I think”反而会引起对方的抵抗情绪。过度小心翼翼会让你显得没有自信，不够真诚。你完全可以说：“The researcher has a great point here.”
4. Was/Is/Are/Am
Example: “The letter was mailed by Sally.”
使用Was/Is/Are/Am和不使用的区别在于被动和主动的区别。在这个例句中，Was/Is/Are/Am让句式变成更为复杂的被动，而在地道的英语思维中，应该尽可能少地使用被动语态;另一方面，当你使用被动句，句子的主旨也会随之改变，从Sally变成了letter。英文写作要做到简洁有力，“Sally mailed the letter.”显然比“The letter was mailed by Sally.”表达的更清晰。
5. Very
Example：Scientists are very interested in finding out more about the duck-billed platypus.
而著名作家马克吐温还专门就这个用词给出过自己的看法：“Substitute ‘damn’ every time you’re inclined to write‘very’; your editor will delete it and the writing will be just as it should be.” — Mark Twain
very是最常被大家使用的一个单词，但也是最苍白的一个单词。一句“very good”远不如“wonderful”来得生动。要记住，读者的时间非常宝贵，你的语言一定要精简。
总而言之，既然托福写作的评分标准中对词汇运用有明确的要求，那么考生多收集整理一些写作词汇并投入实际行文之中就很有必要了。而上文中提到的这些常见扣分词汇，还是希望大家能够提前准备好一些替代用词在考试中使用，以避免造成用词重复的问题而导致扣分。
托福写作解析:Eat out or eat at home
托福写作题目：
Topic：Eat out or eat at home?
Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people prefer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参考分析：
不要急于做出选择，先进行比较，然后根据情况选择：
去餐馆或者吃快餐的优缺点：方便、快捷、多种口味;昂贵、卫生可能得不到保障、快餐使人发胖;
在家吃饭的优缺点：干净、可以做出自己喜欢的口味、节省、与家人和朋友共同准备实物很开心;花费时间、可能做的没有餐馆那么好吃;
在不同的情况下会有不同的选择。周末休息应该跟家人在家里吃饭。与老朋友久别重逢应该找一家安静的餐馆……
范文：
选择在饭馆吃饭：
(1)节省时间，自己做饭很麻烦;
(2)能够品尝各种各样的美食;
(3)能够促进和朋友的感情。
Nowadays, some people like to eat at home and prepare food by themselves, but others prefer to eat outside in restaurants or at food stands. As far as I am concerned, I prefer to eat at home.(标准式开头，先阐述现今社会状况，再表达个人观点，开门见山)
Of course there are some advantages to eat out. Firstly, restaurants offer a more comfortable environment to eat and the food there tastes more delicious than home-cooked meals. In addition, eating at restaurants is a good way of getting together with friends. People also do not need to worry about washing dishes and cleaning. For people who are too busy to cook, eating out is certainly an ideal(理想的)choice. Furthermore, for people do not know how to cook and do not have someone to cook for them, eat out seems to be the only choice.(本段是让步段，先讲在外吃的好处一个是舒适的环境美味的食物，另一个是给不会做饭和不知做饭给谁的人提供吃饭的条件)
However, I prefer to cook and eat and home. The main reason is that at home, family members can prepare their meals and enjoying their food together, which can enhance their relationships. Family members can talk, make jokes and exchange feelings on current affairs with each other while preparing a meal. Parents have a chance to communicate with their kids and keep track of what they are thinking and doing; while children can learn to help with some household tasks and develop intimacy(与父母增进感情)with their parents. Image that you and your brothers and sisters help your mother to cook on a weekend, and enjoy the food later on(稍后), and you feel everything is so nice.(这是第一段论述在家吃好处是可以与家人增进感情种.种，以自己为例子显得生动可信)
Another reason is that eating at home can save money. The same amount of money that you spend on a meal in a restaurant can buy a lot more foods from a supermarket. You can use the money saved to buy a new cloth, or attend a concert.(本段是从经济方面来论述在家吃确实可行)
General speaking, eating out side is comfortable and convenient but eating at home has more benefits. I prefer to eat at home.(这篇文章是标准的议论文结构，没有特别华丽的语言，但是结构清晰论述完整，没有语法错误，这也是保分的必要条件)
托福写作解析:Spend money or save them
托福写作题目：
Spend money or save them?
Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
参考分析：
先讨论一下储蓄的必要性以及及时享乐的好处，然后可以采取it depends策略进行选择，是花钱及时享乐好呢还是把钱存起来好，要看钱的数目是多少。如果一个月赚800块，只有一个选择，花掉。块，就可以花掉一些，存起来一些。20000块，就多花一些，也可以多存一些。
范文：
存钱比较好：
(1)存钱可以防备不时之需，如生病等等。
(2)存钱可以买非常贵重的商品，如房子、汽车等等。
(3)存钱放到未来花，可以更好的享受生活，如去欧洲、美洲旅游等等。
Some people say that it is better to enjoy your money as soon as you earn it while others prefer to save the money for later. It"s a difficult choice faced by lots of people because of the different attitudes they hold towards money. As far as I am concerned, I vote for the former choice, which is that it is better for one to enjoy his or her money as soon as it is earned. Spending money as soon as possible is my preference because of three reasons as follows.
First, we can observe easily in the modern society that the dominant philosophy nowadays is "enjoy your life when you are still young". Most young adults like to work for a period of time and then go on for a trip to visit some places they have never been to. Those trips not only help them to keep in shape but also provide them different kinds of knowledge and new perspective in looking at their environment. Other people spend the money for their leisure, which helps them to relax and go back to work with enough energy.
In the old days, it is said that people who save money in a bank understand the philosophy of thrift. Actually, economists say that in the modern world saving money in a bank is the quickest way to lose it. Moreover, none of the rich people became rich by getting interests from the bank. Living in a constantly changing world, we should adjust ourselves to accept the new ways of investing our money to different areas in order to get the most of it. That is probably the reason why most of the people nowadays put their money into business to get a better payback.
The third obvious(显然的)reason why I prefer spending money rather than saving them is that it is part of the contribution for the economic growth in our country. If nobody has the needs to buy stuff from others and the market, nobody will think about how to produce useful products and sell them to make the most profits. Some countries continue to lower the interests in order to force people to spend their money and therefore benefit the society as well as the people themselves. In this broad view, I prefer spending money rather than saving them.
In conclusion, I prefer spending money because it benefits ourselves as well as people around us. It"s also important for kids to know how to save money as a sense of thrift. Nevertheless, spending money is still the best way to make our lives enjoyable and worthwhile.
托福写作解析:Change about your school
托福写作题目：
If you could make one important change in a school that you attended, what change would you make? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
参考分析：
改变学校的计算机交流
(1)提高效率
(2)促进学生学习
(3)更好的老师和学生的交流
参考范文：
Change about your school
Talking of making an important change in my school, I"d like to suggest that our education system put more emphasis on the development of learning skills and applications of theories into practice instead of simply learning knowledge from books. The proposal is based on the reasons as follows.
For one thing, overemphasis on academic learning poses a threat because of confusing the purpose of learning. As school credit is usually considered the major criteria of academic learning, in a credit-driven school, one may try hard to learn simply for learning"s sake. In other words, college students tend to blindly cram their brains with numerous texts and formulas while do not have a clear idea of what they really want to learn, why they need to learn, not to mention how the things they are learning are useful to the reality. An example is way that common ESL students learn English: they may spend several years in reciting grammar rules, but can hardly utter an English word in front of a foreigner.
Another reason that causes me to make the suggestion is the requirement of today"s ever-changing knowledge economy time. With the increasingly accelerated pace of information explosion, one can hardly depend on knowledge from books that he or she has learned at school. Mastering learning skills and knowing how to apply the skills into practice are becoming indispensable than ever before. A recent survey conducted by educators shows that most students in our country lack the ability of using tools and solving problems compared with their counterparts in the United States. This informs us to take a serious look at our book-knowledge based education pattern.
In sum, it"s high time for us to give a touch on our education pattern concerning the narrowness of book knowledge learning as well as the necessity of practical learning required by the contemporary world.
盘点托福写作中5个常见的易错扣分词汇篇4
盘点托福口语5个常见易错扣分语音问题
1、轻重音不分
轻重音部分是一个非常普遍的语调现象，许多学生的回答录音听起来就类似于机器人说话，一平到底。关键是，很多语速很快的同学都有这样的弊端。往往这样的同学都很想练出轻重音的感觉，但又无从下手，甚至出现一些奇怪的重音方式，比如特意加重。其实大家只要多听英语音频，就不难发现英语中的重音并非一味加重，而是往上提的发音方式。将发音自然而然地向上扬，扬至类似于汉语第一声这样的音调，就可以突出重点内容了。在口语中，轻重分明的回答可以有效让考官听到自己的得分点，事半功倍。
2、忽视略读
在托福口语中有一个语音现象常常被忽视，就是略读。比如What do you think? 一句日常用语，读出来的同时我们会发现what的最后一个字母t是不发音的，且不说发出来是不是错了，如果没有略读，发音就会挤在一起，并且让人觉得很生硬，不地道。这一特点学生可在平时的听力当中去积累和跟读模仿，这是最有效的方法。
3、元音不标准
每个单词的发音都离不开元音音标，而元音音标的不标准会影响到几乎所有单词的发音。元音分单元音和双元音，单元音问题常见于//, 如palace, family, passion等等，而错误的发音是偏向于/a/, 这源于发音启蒙初期，并没有很好地意识到这两个元音发音的区别，嘴型的区别。纠正的关键也在于嘴型的纠正，是纵向张开或是横向张开是关键。
双元音问题也很常见，之前有一个学生，常常把place读成/ples/, 双元音/ei/的发音是由开口音和闭口音的过渡构成的，/e/是其开口音，但如果没有闭口音，就不能构成完整的双元音发音。此类发音误区还常常出现于name, game, take等。出现此类错误时，大家可以尝试将两个发音分别练习之后进行连读，效果很显著。
4、辅音分不清
辅音音标大多成双成对，如/s/和/z/, /t/和/d/, 分别为清辅音和浊辅音。考生常见的混淆发音出现于/θ/和/δ/, 也就是th字母组合的发音。常见问题为容易将/θ/发成/s/, 如think, thank, thought, three...以及将/δ/发成/z/, 如those, that, them... 当出现此类问题时，大家常常无法感知其中发音的区别，除非对着镜子对口型。一开始的纠正也很艰难，因为惯性思维已经形成，一时间改过来很难，但一定要找对方法，如舌头与牙齿的位置，气流发出的方式，唯有多多练习才能完全习惯并掌握。
辅音问题还常见于/l/, 这个发音与中文里的“了”的音很相像，但用在英语中却常常出现于词尾，这就给大家出了难题。有些同学将hall常常读成/hr/，闹出笑话。当/l/出现于词尾时，应注意最后一个音类似于中文里的“偶”，而不是所谓的儿化音。常见词有mall, conceal, rainfall等等。
5、连读生硬
能够体现英语流利的一个要点就是连读，连读常常出现于前一个词的辅音结尾加上后一个词的元音开头，如一个椭圆形，发音为an oval /nvl/,有些同学的反应常常是/ n(空一下) vl/, 这是因为他们并不习惯连读，也许是老师没有在平时的学习中强调，也许是并没有系统学习过连读技巧。但是，在托福口语中，我们需要听听力，其中有许多口语化的连读现象，不习惯连读就意味着听不出连读的信息，比如在一篇口语Task 5听力中出现过“the speeches from her cousin and some others”, 就有学生听成“the speeches from her cousin and son mothers”，他们表示疑惑的同时也让人忍俊不禁，如果在face-to-face communication中出现这样的误解，就更加尴尬了。再者，在有限的时间内答题也是需要连读技巧的，连读是流利度提升后的一个体现。
托福备考经验 口语考试事物类话题答题技巧
1、提问书籍的类别要求描述喜欢的书的类型并说明原因
例：What type of book do you enjoy reading, history, romance or other? Include details and examples to support your response.
答题思路：是先对书的内容进行简介，书中讲了什么故事(it recounts...);再给出从内容中学到了什么(learn about...,enlighten,change my attitude,teach me...);
答题范例：选择历史书籍类
According to Francis Bacon, histories make men wise. (引用)And I firmly believe in this statement. So, sometimes I spend hours reading stories in the history books.
First, although the events or stories described in those books happened long time ago, they are real stories and can help us to have a general idea of what the society was like during a particular period of time in history. Besides, it is fascinating to know how people of our age live hundreds of years ago. What do they pursue in life? Do we still have something in common? I think some moral values are well inherited by modern people though the society changes quickly. For example, we should respect the elder and cherish the young.
Second, we may come across some problems in our own life. Sometimes, the problems seem so overwhelming that we cannot handle. Actually, some problems are faced by all people no matter which era of the history we belong to. For example, how should we face the loss of our closest family members? Or how should we face death ourselves? Or what"s the meaning of life? If we can read those stories about how our ancestors face these problems, we may have a greater respect to life and hold a more positive attitude towards life.
Finally, I still like to say that histories do make people wise. Let"s read.
2、提问具体的一本书要求描述喜欢的一本书并说明原因
例：Talk about a book you read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you. Give specific details and examples to support your answer.
答题思路：给出这本书是怎么来的，当时发生了什么，这本书的意义。
答题范例1：从书籍内容的意义上答题
3 months ago, I read a book called The Five People You Meet in Heaven written by Mitch Albom. It recounts the life and death of a simple yet dignified old man, Eddie. After dying in an accident trying to save a little girl in an amusement park, Eddie finds himself in heaven where he encounters five people who have significantly affected his life. The 5 lessons Eddie learnt about brotherhood, sacrifice, forgiveness, love and purpose of life have also enlightened me. That book changed my attitude towards life and death. It taught me to cherish life more than ever.
托福口语考试规则 时间应该怎么合理分配
一、托福口语时间要求:
第一部分(1-2题):准备时间15秒，答题时间45秒
第2部分(3-4题):准备时间30秒，答题60秒
第3部分(5-6题):准备时间30秒，答题60秒
二、托福口语时间安排:
第1、2中的题目属于日常话题，这两道题本身难度比较小，所以特别需要注意的就是时间的分配问题，在这45秒钟里，一般用5~6秒完成topic sentence, 接下来的40秒应以每一个detail或者example不超过3~4句话的规律完成该话题，也就是说大致20秒完成一个detail或example的表述。
第3、4道题要求考生首先在45秒钟内读完100字左右长度的单一段落。盲目追求阅读速度必然要影响阅读理解的质量。我们应该做的是掌握正确的阅读节奏:“根据快和慢两种速度交替而成的节奏来变化自己的阅读速度。” 唱歌因韵律节奏而动听，说话因轻重缓急而悦耳，阅读也是一样，快慢相间的阅读速度才能收到良好的阅读效果。
最后的5、6道以听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。首先，考生掌控时间能力的强弱对这个部分成绩的高低有着直接影响。在内容上一般是学校推出的某个政策(9/15是对student health center的改进，而9/23是对学校食堂的改进，所以从内容上来说都是贴近校园的, 从阅读的结构上来说，上面所说的政策一定是分为2部分(9/15是学校附近的大医院，并且突出其2方面，距离和医疗质量，而9/23也是2方面，一个是引进一个新的食堂，第二个是增加服务的内容food serivce,在听力中一定是结合上述2点对其展开驳论，所以听力中有用的信息点只有2个部分，那么在自己叙述的时候只要对这2个驳论进行复述就可以了。
托福独立口语说不完 怎样准备素材
Q：托福口语问题就是独立说不完，您说独立需要准备什么素材吗?
A：托福独立口语素材一定要准备，但要灵活，思路在答题的时候也很关键。可以把语言再精练一些，尽量说主要的，不要再过多的铺垫，一道题不要说超过2个理由。
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